A recent study published in Scientific Reports introduces an innovative approach to improving the dye absorption of natural fabrics using special chemical compounds called polycations. The research focuses on two key substances, polyethyleneimine (PEI) and chitosan, that enhance fabric dyeing and promote environmental safety.

The study examines widely used natural textiles like cotton and wool, aiming to tackle the pollution caused by conventional dyeing methods. By treating fabrics with polycations, researchers found that dye absorption improved significantly, reducing the need for harsh chemicals commonly used in textile dyeing.

Key results from the study show that treated fabrics display stronger color intensity across different dye types, including both synthetic and natural options. PEI showed superior performance due to its high amine content, which helps it bond more effectively with dye molecules, leading to richer and longer-lasting colors.

The study also analyzed how the treated fabrics absorbed dyes and found that the process followed a predictable pattern, aligning with the Langmuir isotherm model. This suggests that the fabric surface provides even dye distribution, leading to better retention. Additionally, the dyeing process fit the pseudo-second-order kinetic model, confirming the strong role of polycations in the absorption process.

Beyond improving fabric color, the polycation treatment also enhances textile hygiene by providing antimicrobial properties. The treated fabrics showed significant resistance to bacteria, including Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, meeting growing consumer demand for both aesthetic appeal and hygiene in textiles.