What are the properties of nylon?

Let us now discuss the properties of nylon.

Microscopic Properties:
• Longitudinal Section (L.S.): Nylon has a smooth, uniform and rod-like longitudinal section.
• Cross Section (C.S.): The cross-section of nylon is circular but may be modified to a trilobal shape in order to develop a surface that does not cling to the skin of the wearer and provides enough breathability.

Physical Properties:
• Length: The length of the fiber filament is controlled by the manufacturer depending on the end-use.
• Tenacity: Nylon is a strong fiber with dry strength ranging from 4.6-8.8g/d due to the crystalline polymer system and there is about 10-20% loss in strength in the wet condition.
• Elongation and elastic recovery: The nylon can elongate to about 16-50% and exhibit an excellent elastic recovery. The presence of strong hydrogen bonds in the structure is responsible for the good elasticity of nylon.
• Resiliency: Nylon has a good resiliency and does not wrinkle or crease easily. The resiliency property of nylon can be further enhanced by heat setting the fibers.
• Density: Nylon is very lightweight fiber and has a density of about 1.14g/
• Moisture regain: The moisture regain of nylon is about 2.5-5.0% and the fibers are not absorbent due to the presence of crystalline polymer systems.
• Thermal Properties: Nylon is a thermoplastic fiber and can be heat set. On heating some of the hydrogen bonds break which on cooling re-form on the desired place and thus can be shaped, softened and set by heat application.

CHEMICAL PROPERTIES:
• Acids: Nylon has good resistance to mild acids but is harmed by strong acids.
• Alkalis and Organic Solvents: Alkalis do not damage the nylon fibers.

OTHER PROPERTIES:
• Nylon has good resistance to moth, mildew and rot.
• Nylon has a drawback of static charge formation.
• Nylon has moderate resistance to sunlight.